Navigation General · ARPA
ARPA 'target swap' occurs when:
- ATwo tracked targets pass close to each other and the ARPA mistakenly exchanges their tracking data✓ Correct
- BThe operator manually reassigns a target's vector from relative to true display
- CA target's speed exceeds the ARPA's maximum track speed
- DThe radar antenna loses power momentarily, causing all tracks to reset
Explanation
Target swap is an ARPA error where two targets pass in close proximity and the system exchanges the identity (tracking file) of the two echoes, assigning each vessel the other's predicted motion data. This is particularly dangerous in congested waters and is a key reason ARPA outputs must be cross-checked by visual or manual radar observation.
Authority: Radar Navigation Manual (Pub. 1310), Ch. 6
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